Notable Figures (4)
59 entries in the Historical Figures compendium.
AttilaRuler of the Huns who terrorized the Roman Empires.SolonAthenian lawmaker credited with founding democracy.ThemistoclesAthenian politician and general who championed naval power.PericlesGreek statesman and general who led Athens during its Golden Age.Alexander the GreatKing of Macedon who created a vast empire from Greece to India.BoudicaQueen of the Iceni who led a failed revolt against Rome.Alaric IFirst king of the Visigoths who sacked Rome in 410.Julius CaesarRoman general, dictator, and author who transformed the Republic.AugustusFounder of the Roman Empire and its first emperor.CaligulaThird Roman emperor, ruling from AD 37 until his assassination.DomitianLast Flavian emperor, authoritarian ruler, assassinated in 96.HadrianRoman emperor who consolidated borders and championed Greek culture.Marcus AureliusRoman emperor and Stoic philosopher, last of the Five Good Emperors.DiocletianRoman emperor who stabilized the empire and established the Tetrarchy.Constantine the GreatFirst Roman emperor to convert to Christianity.Bumin QaghanFounder of the First Turkic Khaganate and rebel against Rouran rule.Yongle EmperorThird Ming emperor who moved the capital to Beijing.SaladinKurdish commander who founded the Ayyubid dynasty and recaptured Jerusalem.Osman IEponymous founder of the Ottoman Empire, little factual information survives.Mehmed IIOttoman sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453.Abu BakrFirst caliph, companion and father-in-law of Muhammad.UthmanThird caliph who standardized the Quran and expanded the Caliphate.Harun al-RashidFifth Abbasid caliph whose reign began the Islamic Golden Age.Justinian IRoman emperor who codified Roman law and reconquered lost territories.HeracliusByzantine emperor who fought Persians and Arabs, and reformed the empire.Leo III the IsaurianByzantine emperor who ended anarchy and banned icon veneration.Basil IISenior Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025, longest-reigning Roman emperor.Manuel I KomnenosByzantine emperor who reshaped the Balkans and eastern Mediterranean.Stephen I of HungaryFirst king of Hungary, unified the Carpathian Basin.Louis I of HungaryKing of Hungary, Croatia, and Poland; led campaigns and issued the Privilege of Koszyce.Mieszko IFirst Christian ruler and founder of unified Poland.Bolesław I the BraveFirst King of Poland, reunified the realm and expanded its borders.Casimir III the GreatLast Piast king; codified law and founded University of Kraków.Alfred the GreatKing of the West Saxons and Anglo-Saxons; defeated Vikings and reformed England.John, King of EnglandKing of England who sealed Magna Carta and lost the Angevin Empire.Charles MartelFrankish leader who defeated an Umayyad invasion at Tours.CharlemagneKing of the Franks, Lombards, and first Carolingian Emperor.Louis the PiousFrankish emperor who struggled to hold his father's empire together.Eleanor of AquitaineDuchess of Aquitaine, queen of France and England, and powerful medieval ruler.Louis IX of FranceKing of France, saint, and reformer of royal justice.Abd al-Rahman IFounder and first emir of the Emirate of Córdoba.Abd al-Rahman IIIUmayyad emir who founded the Caliphate of Córdoba.Afonso I of PortugalFirst king of Portugal, founder of the kingdom.Prince Henry the NavigatorPortuguese prince who directed early exploration of West Africa.Lorenzo de' MediciItalian statesman and foremost patron of Renaissance culture.Cesare BorgiaCardinal turned condottiero; model for Machiavelli's prince.Pope Urban IIPope who launched the First Crusade and reformed the Church.Pope Alexander VIRenaissance pope whose name became a byword for libertinism and nepotism.Moctezuma IINinth Aztec emperor whose reign ended with the Spanish conquest.La MalincheNahua interpreter and intermediary for Hernán Cortés during the conquest.George WashingtonFounding Father and first president of the United States.Ahmad Shah DurraniFounder of the Durrani Empire and modern Afghanistan.Oda NobunagaFirst great unifier of Japan, known as the 'Demon Daimyō'.BaburFounder of the Mughal Empire and author of the Baburnama.HumayunSecond Mughal emperor who lost and regained his empire.AurangzebSixth Mughal emperor who expanded the empire to its greatest extent.Suleiman the MagnificentOttoman sultan who expanded the empire and reformed its laws.Bohdan KhmelnytskyHetman who led a Cossack uprising and founded an independent state.Louis XIVKing of France from 1643 to 1715; the Sun King.
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