Notable Figures (5)
60 entries in the Historical Figures compendium.
Henry VIIIKing of England who broke with the Catholic Church.Mary IQueen of England who sought to restore Catholicism.Elizabeth ILast Tudor monarch; her reign defined the Elizabethan era.Mary, Queen of ScotsQueen of Scotland, imprisoned and executed by Elizabeth I.Oliver CromwellEnglish statesman, soldier, and Lord Protector of the Commonwealth.Charles I of EnglandKing of England, Scotland, and Ireland executed after civil war.Frederick William I of PrussiaKing in Prussia who doubled the army and centralized the state.Patrice LumumbaFirst prime minister of the independent Congo, assassinated in 1961.Kenneth KaundaFirst president of Zambia, independence leader turned dictator.Haile SelassieEmperor of Ethiopia and central figure in Rastafari.Anwar SadatThird president of Egypt; led 1973 war and peace with Israel.ShakaKing of the Zulu Kingdom who reformed its military.Kwame NkrumahGhanaian independence leader and Pan-Africanist visionary.Kofi AnnanGhanaian diplomat and seventh UN secretary-general.Hugo ChávezVenezuelan president who led the Bolivarian Revolution.Andrew JacksonSeventh U.S. president and architect of Jacksonian democracy.Abraham Lincoln16th U.S. president who led the Union through the Civil War.Franklin D. Roosevelt32nd US president who served four terms and led through depression and war.Dwight D. Eisenhower34th president who led Allied forces in WWII.Chiang Kai-shekChinese leader who unified the nation and retreated to Taiwan.Deng XiaopingParamount leader who reformed China's economy and opened it to the world.HirohitoEmperor of Japan from 1926 to 1989, reigning through war and reconstruction.Pol PotCambodian revolutionary and dictator who led the Khmer Rouge.Jawaharlal NehruFirst Prime Minister of India and architect of its modern secular democracy.Indira GandhiIndia's first and only female prime minister, assassinated in 1984.Francis II, Holy Roman EmperorLast Holy Roman Emperor and first Emperor of Austria.Josip Broz TitoYugoslav communist leader and co-founder of the Non-Aligned Movement.Joseph StalinSoviet revolutionary who became the de facto dictator of the USSR.Leon TrotskyRussian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and Marxist theorist.Konrad AdenauerFirst chancellor of West Germany and a founding father of the European Union.Joseph GoebbelsNazi propagandist and Reich Minister of Propaganda.Francisco FrancoSpanish general and dictator who ruled from 1939 to 1975.Benjamin DisraeliBritish statesman, Conservative politician, and writer; twice Prime Minister.Clement AttleeBritish prime minister who built the post-war welfare state.HannibalCarthaginian general who fought Rome in the Second Punic War.El CidCastilian knight who ruled Valencia and became a national icon.Afonso de AlbuquerquePortuguese viceroy who expanded empire across the Indian Ocean.Francis DrakeEnglish explorer and privateer who circumnavigated the globe.Prince Eugene of SavoyFeldmarschall who defeated Ottomans and fought alongside Marlborough.Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of WellingtonBritish field marshal and prime minister who defeated Napoleon at Waterloo.Carl von ClausewitzPrussian officer and theorist of war's political nature.Bernard MontgomerySenior British Army officer who commanded in both world wars.Erwin RommelGerman field marshal known as the Desert Fox.Hermann GöringNazi leader, Luftwaffe commander, convicted war criminal.Heinrich HimmlerReichsführer-SS and principal enforcer of Nazi racial policies.Louis RielMétis leader who founded Manitoba and led two resistances.Frederick DouglassEscaped slavery; became leading abolitionist orator and writer.Helen KellerFirst deafblind U.S. college graduate and lifelong activist.Aung San Suu KyiBurmese politician, Nobel laureate, and former State Counsellor of Myanmar.Mahatma GandhiIndian lawyer and anti-colonial nationalist who led nonviolent resistance.Emma GoldmanAnarchist revolutionary, writer, and lecturer on social issues.HippocratesGreek physician considered the Father of Medicine.EuclidAncient Greek mathematician, author of the Elements.ArchimedesAncient Greek mathematician and inventor of Syracuse.HipparchusFounder of trigonometry and discoverer of the precession of the equinoxes.GalenRoman and Greek physician whose medical theories dominated for over 1,300 years.DiophantusGreek mathematician, author of Arithmetica, pioneer of algebraic methods.Ibn al-HaythamIbn al-Haytham was a pioneering physicist and mathematician of the Islamic Golden Age.AvicennaPreeminent philosopher and physician of the Islamic Golden Age.Isaac NewtonEnglish polymath who formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation.
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